Thursday, 9 March 2017

Sampling and microbial analysis of different grades of water.

      1.0       Objective
     To lay down a procedure for sampling and microbial analysis of different grades of water.
      2.0        Responsibility
      Microbiologist/QC-Executive.
      3.0        Accountability
      Head-QC executive
      4.0         Procedure
4.1       Water sampling
4.1.1     Carry out the sampling of water from the sampling points as per the sampling plan.
4.1.2     Sanitize the hand with 70% filtered Iso propyl alcohol (IPA) then wear hand gloves.       
4.1.3      Now sanitize the hand gloves with 70% filtered IPA prior to sampling.
4.1.4      Take sterile 1Litre water sampling container for sampling of water and label them with sampling point reference                 no., Date & Signature.
4.1.5      Before sampling drain the water from the sampling point for 30 second then collect the water   approximately               500mL to 1000mL.
4.1.6     After taking the water sample quickly close the top of the sampling container by using  cotton plug or aluminium              foil.
4.1.7     Bring the water sample in microbiology laboratory for analysis and enter the sample log book.
4.2       Water testing 
4.2.1      Membrane filtration method (for purified water).
4.2.1.1 Prepare SCDA agar medium plates according to SOP.
4.2.1.2  Use membrane filters having a nominal pore size not greater than 0.45 µm.
4.2.1.3  Take sterile membrane filter holder and aseptically transfer1 mL water sample with the help of filtration assembly.
4.2.1.4  Immediately filter the water sample with the help of vacuum pump.
4.2.1.5  Wash each filter with three quantities, each of about 100 mL peptone water solution pH 7.0.
4.2.1.6 Transfer the membrane filter on the surface of SCDA media plates.
4.2.1.7   Incubate the plate of SCDA medium at 30° to 35° C for five days.
4.2.1.8   Similarly, carry out the above procedure by using Sabouraud DextroseAgar (SDA) by incubating at 20-25ºC.
4.2.1.1  After 5 days of incubation period, note down the observation of counts in log book.

4.2.2    Pour plate method (other than purified water)

4.2.2.1  Pipette out 2 mL water sample and place 1 mL each in two petriplates 9 cm diameter.
4.2.2.2  Pour 15-20 mL SCDA media whose temperature is cooled to about 45ºC into these two petriplates.
4.2.2.3  Cover the petridishes, mix the sample with agar by swirling and allow the media to solidify at room temperature under laminar air flow (LAF).
4.2.2.4  Invert the petridishes and incubate the plates of SCDA media at 30° to 35°C.
4.2.2.5  Similarly carry out the above procedure by using SDA medium and incubate these plates at 20-25ºC.
4.2.2.6  Examine the growth, count the number of colonies and express the average for the two plates, in terms of Colony forming units (Cfu) per mL of specimen.
4.2.2.7  The highest number of colonies are less than 100 for bacteria and 10 colonies for fungi.
4.2.2.8  After 5 days of incubation period, note down the observations in Log book.

      4.3        Procedure for pathogen testing of water
4.3.1    Transfer 10 mL water sample in 100 mL soyabean casein digest medium (SCDM).
4.3.2    After incubation, observe for growth in terms of turbidity, if it is observed perform pathogen testing.

4.4       Test for Escherichia coli (E. coli).
4.4.1    Transfer 1 mL of 24 hour old culture] suspension (SCDM) in 5 ml MacConkey’s Broth (MB) tube containing Durham’s tube and  incubate it at 42° to 44° for 24 to 48 hours.
4.4.2    After incubation, observe for purple to yellow color change of the MacConkey’s broth   with gas production in the Durham’s tube. If so, proceed with the following steps.
4.4.3    Subculture 1 mL of broth on a plate of MacConkey’s agar (MA) at 35° to 37° for 18 to 72 hours.
4.4.4    If growth of red, non-mucoid colonies is observed after incubation, then transfer 1 mL MacConkey’s broth in 5 mL peptone water (PW) tube and incubate at 42° to 44° for 18 to 24 hours.
4.4.5    After incubation, add 0.5 mL Kovack’s reagent into the above peptone water and if red color ring appears the Indole test indicates the possible presence of E.coli.
4.4.6        Perform Gram staining of the colonies observed on MA .
4.4.7        Observe for presence of Gram negative rod.
4.4.8     If Gram negative rod is present, streak loop full colony on Levin Eosin-Methylene Blue Agar (LEMBA) plate.
4.4.9        Incubate this LEMBA plate at 35-37° C for 18 to 72 hours.
4.4.10    After incubation, observe the plate and  if none of the colonies exhibits a characteristic metallic sheen under reflected light, and if none exhibits a blue-black appearance under transmitted light, the test specimen meets the requirement for the absence of E. coli.

 

4.5        Test for Salmonella Spp.

4.5.1    Transfer 1 mL of 24 hour old culture] suspension (SCDM) in 10 mL Fluid Selenite Cystin Medium (FSCM) and Tetrathionate Broth (TB) and incubate at 42° to 44° C for 18 to 24 hours.
4.5.2        Subculture on at least two different agar media chosen from agar media, Bismuth Sulphite Agar (BSA), Deoxycholate Citrate Agar (DCA) and Brilliant Green Agar (BGA). Incubate at 35° to 37° C for 18 to 72 hours.
4.5.3        The probable presence of salmonella is indicated by the growth of cultures having the  following appearance:
             BSA: well-developed, colour less colonies.
             DCA: well-developed, red colonies, with or without black centers.
BGA: small, transparent, colourless or pink opaque-white colonies often   surrounded by a     pink or red zone.
4.5.4     Perform Gram staining according to SOP/QM/14 if the above characteristic colonies are observed.
4.5.5     If Gram negative rod is present, streak loop full culture from suspected colonies on Triple Sugar Iron (TSI) agar slant in tubes, using surface and deep inoculation (stabbing) and incubate at 41° to 43° C for 18 to 24 hours.
4.5.6    The presence of salmonella spp. is confirmed if there is a change of color from red to yellow and usually a formation of gas, with or without production of hydrogen sulphide in the agar in the deep inoculation but not on the surface culture.

4.6              Test for Pseudomonas aeroginosa

4.6.1     Strick loop full of 24 hour old culture [refer point 4.3.1, 4.3.2] suspension (SCDM) on a plate of Cetrimide Agar (CA).
4.6.2     Incubate this plate at 35 - 37° C for 18 - 72 hours.
4.6.3     Perform Gram staining of the colonies observed on CA according to SOP.
4.6.4     Observe for presence of Gram negative rod.
4.6.5     If Gram negative rod is present, streak representative suspect colonies from the CA plate on the surface of Pseudomonas fluorescin agar(PFA) medium for detection of fluorescin and Pseudomonas pyocyanin agar (PPA)for detection of pyocyanin.


4.6.4     Incubate these plates at 35° - 37° C for 48 to 72 hours.
4.6.5     Examine the streaked surface of the both agar media under UV light, and interpret the results with reference to the following table.

Selective Media
Characteristics
Fluorescence in UV light
Oxidase Test
Gram Staining
Cetrimide Agar
Generally Greenish
Greenish
Positive
Gram Negative rods
Pseudomonas
Agar for detection of Fluorescin
Generally Colourless to yellowish
Yellowish
Positive
Gram Negative rods
Pseudomonas
Agar for detection payocynin
Generally Greenish
Blue
Positive
Gram Negative rods

4.6.6     Oxidase disc test:
4.6.7    Transfer the colony from the PFA medium or PPA medium to disc that previously impregnated with N, N- dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride.
4.6.8        If the disc colour is changed (from white to purple) within five to ten seconds it confirms the presence of

                 Pseudomonas aeroginosa


       4.7        Test for Staphylococcus aureus:
4.7.1    Strick a loop full of 24 hour old culture suspension (SCDM) on a plate of Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA) or Vogel-Johnson Agar (VJA) or Baired Parker Agar (BPA).
4.7.2    Incubate the plate at 35° to 37° C for 48 to 72 hrs.
4.7.3   After incubation, examine the streaked plates and interpret the results with reference to the following table.





Selective Media
Characteristics
Gram Staining
VJA
Black colony surrounded by yellow zone
Gram positive cocci in cluster
BPA
Black, shiny colony surrounded by clear zone of 2 to 5 mm.
Gram positive cocci in cluster
MSA
Yellow colony surrounded by yellow zone
Gram positive cocci in cluster

4.7.4     Perform Gram staining of the suspect colonies observed according to SOP/QM/18.
4.7.5     Observe for presence of Gram positive cocci in cluster.
4.7.6        If Gram positive cocci in cluster are present, perform coagulase test.
4.7.7        Take sterile test tubes each containing 0.5mL of mammalian, preferably rabbit or horse, plasma with or without suitable additives.
4.7.8        Transfer representative suspect colonies from the surface of the VJA or MSA or BPA plate to the above individual tubes and incubate in a water bath at 35° to 37° C.
4.7.9        Examine the tubes after 3 hours and at suitable intervals up to 24 hours. Compare the negative and positive controls.
4.7.10    If coagulation is observed, the specimen confirms the presence of Staphylococcus aureus.



























Wednesday, 8 March 2017

procedure for cleaning, operation of hot plate.

     1.0       Purpose

     To lay down a procedure for cleaning, operation of hot plate.

     2.0        Scope
     This procedure is applicable to the quality control in Dagon Pharmaceutical pvt. Ltd.
     3.0        Responsibility
      Microbiologist/QC-Executive.
4.0            Accountability
      Head-QC executive
5.0       Procedure
       5.1         Cleaning
      5.1.1      Switch ‘OFF’ the main power supply and disconnect the hot plate by removing the plug of main power   supply.
      5.1.2    Clean external surface of the hot plate with a wet mop dipped in 70%v/v Isopropyl Alcohol (IPA).
5.1.3       Clean the hot plate once in a week.
5.1.4       Maintain the cleaning record of hot plate.

 5.2          Operating
5.2.1        Connect the plug with main power supply.
5.2.2         Switch ‘ON’ the hot plate.
 5.2.3        Set the temperature of hot plate with the help of thermostat knob provided at the right side of the                  front side of hot plate by rotating the knob in clock wise direction.
 5.2.4        Set the heating speed by adjusting the heating knob at desired speed (0, 1, 2, and 3) provided at the                   left side of front side of hot plate.
 5.2.5         Red light indicates the heating is “ON”.
 5.2.6         Switch ‘OFF’ the hot plate after every use.
 5.2.7         Disconnect the hot plate by removing the plug from main power supply.
 5.2.8         Calibration of hot plate shall be done once in a year.

procedure for cleaning, operation of microscope.

     1.0       Objective
     To lay down a procedure for cleaning, operation of microscope.
     2.0        Responsibility
      Microbiologist/QC-Executive.
     3.0        Accountability
      Head-QC executive
      4.0       Procedure
      4.1        Operating

4.1.1    Switch ‘ON’ the electric connection of the Microscope, light will glow.

4.1.2    The light intensity shall be adjusted by a knob provided on right side.

4.1.3    The specimen shall be adjusted by using oil immersion objective as follows

4.1.4     Place the prepared slide on the platform of the Microscope carefully

4.1.5     Rotate the nosepiece so that lower power objective (10x) in light path.

4.1.6    Place one drop of oil on the area of specimen there shall be no air bubble between objective & lens.

4.1.7     Rotate the nosepiece so that 100X oil immersion objective in the light path.

4.1.8    Looking through the binoculars head raise the stage by adjusting the course focus knob until an image appears sharp.
4.1.9     Use fine focus knob to sharpen the image.


       4.2        Cleaning

4.2.1   For cleaning of the lenses remove dust by using a soft brush. Wipe the lenses with 70%v/v filtered isopropyl alcohol (IPA) solution.
4.2.2     For cleaning of immersion oil & objective, xylene shall be used.
    
       4.2.3   Wipe out the exterior of the Microscope by 70%v/v filtered IPA followed by dry lint free cloth.
     

procedure cleaning and operating of colony counter.

      1.0       Objective
     To lay down a procedure cleaning and operating of colony counter.
      2.0        Responsibility
      Microbiologist/QC-Executive.
      3.0        Accountability
      Head-QC executive
      4 .0       Procedure 
      4.1         Cleaning
4.1.1      Switch off the mains power supply.       
4.1.2      Clean the instrument by clean lint free cloth sprayed with 70 % v/v filtered Isopropyl alcohol (IPA).
4.1.3          Now clean the instrument with clean and dry lint free cloth.
4.1.4          Clean the instrument before and after usage.
4.2         Operating
      4.2.1       Connect the unit to the mains power supply.
      4.2.2       Switch ‘ON’ the mains.
      4.2.3       The display will blink and show 0000 in figures.
      4.2.4      Keep the petridish on the wolf huegel glass in inverted position.
4.2.5       Adjust the magnifier for accurate counting of small or closely placed colonies.
      4.2.6       Use glass marker for counting the colonies on the petriplate.
      4.2.7       Mark each and every colony one after another by glass marker.
4.2.8       When the counting is over, the screen can be reset to 0000 by pressing the manual button.
             4.2.9        Switch off the instrument when not required.
      

procedure for Operation and Calibration of Analytical balance (AUX220)

1.0
Objective
:  To lay down a procedure for Operation and Calibration of Analytical balance (AUX220)
2.0

Responsibility

:  Microbiologist/ QC Executive
3.0

Accountability

:  Head /QC Executive
4.0
Procedure
:
4.1
Operating Procedure :
4.1.1
Clean the pan thoroughly prior to operation with a clean, dry lint free cloth.
4.1.2
Ensure that the weighing balance is not disturbed by direct air current.
4.1.3
Leveling of the balance shall be done by adjusting the leveling screws till the spirit bubble is at the center.
4.1.4
The weighing balance shall be used within the minimum and maximum weight range of the balance. The minimum weight shall be Least count x 100 and maximum weight shall be 90 % of the maximum capacity.
4.1.5
Switch ‘ON’ the balance and allow it to stabilize for 15 minutes.
4.1.6
Weigh the sample as per requirement.
4.1.7
Read the displayed weight after the display is stable.
4.1.8
After completion of the any weighing operation, make the entry in the usage logbook.
4.1.9
Material shall be brought to the room temperature, to avoid condensation of moisture, refrigerated materials must be allowed to come to room temperature.

4.2
Calibration Procedure :

Internal calibration shall be done before each calibration.

Daily calibration shall be performed at the start of the day’s work as per format as metioned in DC/23/F/01-01.

Monthly calibration shall be formed as per format as mentioned in DC/23/F/02-01 and DC/23/F/03-01.
4.2.1
External  Calibration :
4.2.1.1
Ensure that the balance pan is not loaded and the door of the weighing chamber is closed properly.
4.2.1.2
From the mass display press the CAL/MENU key several times when the Func.SEL is displayed ,press the  O/T KEY
4.2.1.3
Press the O/T key when CAL is displayed.
4.2.1.4
Press the CAL/MENU key When E TEST is displayed press the O/T key .Span checks start at this point.
4.2.1.5
Zero appears on the display and blinks.
4.2.1.6
The predetermined mass for the calibration weight is displayed and blinks.
4.2.1.7
Place the correct calibration weight on the pan.
4.2.1.8
Zero appears on the display and blinks.
4.2.1.9
Place calibrated standard weight on the weighing pan.
4.2.1.10
4.2.1.11
Use weights as per DM/24/F/01-01andDM/24/F/02-01 for daily and monthly calibration. The observed weight shall not deviate 0.1 % from the calibrated weight.
Do not drop the weight on the balance pan because balance may get damaged.
4.2.2
Measurement Uncertainty :
4.2.2.1
Place certified weights of 50 mg; allow stabilizing the display of mass, removing the weight from the pan. Close the doors and ensure that display comes 0.0000, place the weight on the pan again and note the displayed value after stabilization, repeat the weighing and note down the displayed value after stabilization for total 10 replicate weighing.
4.2.2.2
Carry out the 10 replicates weighing for 500 mg also.
4.2.2.3
Calculate the measurement uncertainty as given below
Measurement Uncertainty
=
Random Error + Systematic Error
x
100
Calibrated weight

Random Error = 3 x standard deviation (n = 10)
Systematic Error = Observed weight (average) – Calibrated weight
The measurement uncertainty should not be more than 0.1%.
Note : Measurement uncertainty is applicable for 5 digit analytical balances and above only
4.3
Frequency of Calibration :
4.3.1
The frequency of calibration shall be mentioned as below :
4.3.2
Daily (as mentioned in DQM/24/F/01-01.
4.3.3
Monthly (as mentioned in DQM/24/F/02-01 and DQM/24/F/03-01).
4.3.4       Action : If calibration results not meeting the acceptance criteria, repeat the procedure and confirm the result.
4.3.5       Affix the “Under Maintenance” Label on the balance and inform to Head–QC for necessary action.





Search This Blog